20250615-水资源相关翻译练习总结

1. lack 的用法及其替换词汇

• 动词用法：

  • Many regions lack adequate water supply.

• 名词用法（不可数）：

  • A severe lack of water resources...

• 形容词短语替代：

  • water-scarce, water-stressed, drought-prone

  • 区分：water-scarce 强调资源本身少，water-stressed 更强调供需矛盾。

2. “时空分布极不均衡”的地道表达

• 推荐表达：

  • uneven spatial and temporal distribution

  • highly unbalanced in terms of location and seasonality

  • marked spatiotemporal disparities

3. “经济社会高质量发展”的多种译法

• high-quality economic and social development

• high-quality socio-economic development

4. “将A纳入B”的多种表达法

• incorporate A into B

• integrate A into B

• include A as part of B

• factor A into B (evaluation)（用于绩效评估等语境）

5. “城镇生活用水”的表达

• urban domestic water use

• urban household water consumption

• municipal water use for residential purposes

6. “用水大户”的形象表达

• 直译会显得突兀，常规处理是逻辑转换成占比最高的用水部门

• 如：

  • Agriculture is the largest water consumer...

  • Agriculture accounts for more than 60% of total water consumption...

7. “零增长”的自然译法

• achieve zero growth in...

• remain flat/stable over time

• no increase has been recorded in...

• ...while maintaining a stable level of water use

8. 立方米的英文表达

• 正确为 cubic meters

9. 灌溉技术术语表达

• 喷灌：sprinkler irrigation

• 微灌：micro-irrigation

• 低压管灌：low-pressure pipeline irrigation

• 综合表达：efficient water-saving irrigation technologies such as...

10. “A贯穿B全过程、各领域”的表达

• A runs through the entire process and all sectors of B

• A is embedded throughout all phases and areas of B

• A underpins every aspect of B

11. “文明”作形容词的多种翻译方式

• 文明新风尚：

  • a new symbol of civilized behavior

  • a new social norm rooted in civility

  • a growing trend of responsible and civilized conduct

• 文明社会/文明城市：

  • a well-governed and civilized society/city

  • a society guided by civil norms